
Central Visayas water districts recorded the largest water deficit in the Visayas despite producing a record 12 million cubic meters of water in 2021, according to a Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS) discussion paper.
The study, titled “Securing Tomorrow’s Water,” showed that Central Visayas had the highest water demand among the Visayas regions, exceeding 10 million cubic meters. However, water districts in the region still faced an average deficit of four million cubic meters.
From 2019 to 2024, water districts across the Visayas recorded an average demand of 8.9 million cubic meters, compared with only 6.3 million cubic meters of effective supply, resulting in a 2.7-million-cubic-meter negative water balance.
The study also found that water districts in the Visayas had an average coverage rate of 68 percent, below the 85 percent benchmark for adequate supply performance. While Central Visayas reported 100 percent coverage, the region continues to face pressure from groundwater extraction, pollution and population growth.
PIDS also noted that 60 percent of water districts in the Visayas rely on wells. Excessive groundwater extraction has contributed to saltwater intrusion in coastal areas, particularly in Metro Cebu and Lapu-Lapu City.

